Composite drain fitting



Jan. 22, 1952 K. R. MARCUSSEN COMPOSITE DRAIN FITTING 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1Filed Feb. 15, 1948 Jan- 22, 1 5 K. R. MARCUSSEN COMPOSITE DRAIN FITTING2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Feb. 15, 1948 Patented Jan. 22, 1952 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE Kenneth RwMarcussen, Waterbury, -Conn., as-

signorzto Chase Brass &' Copper Co. 111001110? rated, Waterliury,..Conn., a corporation ApplicationFel ruary 13, 1948, Syria] No. 8,199

3;Cl aims,: (Cl. 285-37'):

The'present' invention relates to improvements in'drain-fittings forsinks and the like and relates more particularly-to compositedrain-fittings; as will beapparent from the following, considered inconjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Oneof the'main objects of the present invention-isto provide a superiorcomposite drain-fitting; comprising two substantially cup-shaped shellsor membersinterfitting and permanently securedtogetherin a simple,effective and lowcost manner.

Another object of the present invention isto provide a superiordrain-fitting of the character referred to; comprising two substantiallycupshaped shells or members interfitted and permanently secured togetherin such manner as to effectively resist the strains of installation,use, and removal without causing a separation ofthe two main membersreferred tof' A further object of the present invention is to provide asuperior composite'drain-fitting for sinks, comprising the two shellsormembers above referred to and in which one member is composed ofstainless steeland'the other member of brass or similar material, and inwhich thestainless steel. part forms a shield for the brass orequivaient, part to, protect the same against abrasive actionincident:to cleaning, while the, brass or equivalent member is so assembled withthe stainless, steel member as toeifectively reinforce the sameandprovideconvenient means for receiving exterior threads required. for theleak-proofassembly of the composite fitting with: a sink or the like;

I Still another object. of the, present inventionis to, .provide. a.s.uperior method of manufacture whereby superior compositedrain-fittings] may be produced economically.

Withthe above and other objects in View, as wilhappear to those skilledin mean; from the present disclosure, this invention includes allfeatures in the said disclosurewhich are novel over the prior art,

In the accompanying drawings, in which certain modes of v carrying. outthe present invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a sectionalized perspective view of an inner shellsuitable foruse in connection" with the presentinvention and shown prior to itsassembly'with an outer shell;

.Fig. 2 .isasimilar view of anouter shellsuitable for usein. connectionwith the present invention;

Fig, 3 is. aviewin side; elevation of the outer shell;

Fig. 4 is -an enlarged fragmentarysectional view takenon the line 4- l'of'Figi'Z;

Fig. 5 is a transversesectional ViEWjOf' thB as sembly, comprising theinner shell andtheouter shell shown prior to their being anchored-togather;

Fig." 6 is'a transverse sectional view taken on the line 6$ of Fig. 5;

' Fig; 7 is an enlarged scalesectional view of the area" indicated by'the dotted lines "I- in'Fig. 6'1

Fig. '8' is a 'view similar to Fig; 6 butpshowing' the inner shell andthe outer shell anchored together by deepening of theclearance-groovesin the outer'shell; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectionalview ofithe portion of the structure, of Fig. 8indicatd-bytl'ie brokenline 9 ofE'ig, 8; and Fig. 10' is a transversesectional view'takenon theline I0-l0 of"Fig. 8.

The composite drain-fitting chosen for illustration in the accompanying'dra'wings in order'to make clear a preferred embodiment of the pres entinvention, includes a substantially cupshaped inner shell generallydesignated by the reference character l5 anda complementalsubstantiallycup-shaped outer shell generally designated by the reference characterI6; The saidinner shell ispreferably made of-stainl'esssteel, thoughother materialsmay be employed; while thesaid outer shell [5'ispre'ferably formed-of brass or other suitable'and readily deformablematerial. s

'I'hef'innershell 15 abovereferred to maybe readily producedby'adr'awing operation stridineludes j an V annular seating-flange l1extending outwardly at its-upperend, a side-or latralv'vall I8, aninclined bottom wall IS'an-d a neck 28:

' At a point intermediate-the seating=fiange l1 andthe slopingbottomwall l9, the side; wan i 8 of the innerfishell member is"displacdjto provid iia substantially-annular shoulder 2i as is shown.Preferably, the lower end of theflneck 2B is'provided with" an integraltransverse-web 22 w-hich'intheinstance Ishow nhasthree slender radialarms-so as to provide maximum degree of clearance for the passage'ofwater 'b'etween the said arms.

At four (more orless) equidistant points, .the sidewalllt of the innershellemember'ifiaiscdisr placedinwardly t0;pr.ovide acorrespondin'ghumof u st nt we ticM .couplinsrsr ovssuit which at. theirlower endsintersect the. slopin bottom wall IQ of, the said inner shell..

Th u e sh 1 th me efe e o. nc ude x v 3 and an externally-threaded neck26 designed to accommodate within itself the shorter neck 29 of the saidinner shell I5.

At four (more or less) equidistant points, the side wall 24 of the outershell I6 is inwardly displaced to provide in its outer face acorresponding number of substantially-vertical clearancegrooves 21,each" of which results in the formation of an inwardly-projectingcoupling-rib 28 designed and adapted to respectively fit into thecoupling-grooves 23 formed in the inner shell I5 as before described.

The clearance-grooves 21 in the exterior of'the side wall 24 of theouter shell I6 intersect at their lower ends the sloping bottom wall 25and are of an initial depth sufricient to cause their innermost portionsto lie well inwardly of the roots of threads 29 formed upon the exteriorof the side wall 24 for purposes as will hereinafter appear. 3

The outer shell I6 may be conveniently drawn up from heavy-gauge brassso as to simultaneously produce the clearance-grooves 2'! andcoupling-ribs 28. Following the drawing up of the outer shell and theformation of its clearancegrooves 27 and coupling-ribs 28, the side wall24 is then provided with the exterior threads 29. In cutting the threads29, the chips resulting therefrom will definitely terminate at each ofthe clearance-grooves 21, thereby facilitating the rapid and accurateformation of the said threads 29.

The exterior dimension of the side wall I8, bottom wall I9 and neck 29of the inner shell I5 are such as to permit the said inner shell to beinserted with a light press or force fit into the outer shell I9 so thatthe parts may readily assume the positions in which they are shown inFigs. 5, 6 and 7 prior to being firmly united, in a manner as willhereinafter appear.

Following the assembly of the inner and outer shells I5 and I6 as abovedescribed and as indicated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the clearance-grooves2'! in the outer shell I6 are deepened by means of rollers or othersuitable tools to thus bring the parts into the condition in which theyare shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10.

The deepening of the clearance-grooves 21 in the outer shell I6 as abovedescribed, will, of course, simultaneously extend the coupling-ribs 28further inwardly and cause the latter to measurably distort thecoupling-grooves 23 in the inner shell I5.. Furthermore, the actionreferred to will stretch the entire side wall 24 of the said outer shellinto tight engagement with the outer periphery of the side wall I8 ofthe inner shell I5, to thereby firmly interlock the two said shells notonly against relative turning movement but also against relative axialmovement.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that by forming theclearance-grooves 21 and hence also the coupling-ribs 28 in the outershellmember prior to the formation of the threads 29 thereon, thecutting operation is greatly facilitated, owing to the fact that thechips will definitely break off at each of said clearancegrooves.

It will further be apparent that while the inner and outer shells I5 andI5 may be initially assembled with but a moderate pressure, thesubsequent deepening of the clearance-grooves 21 in the outer shell I6serves not only to force the coupling-ribs 28 more tightly into thecouplinggrooves 23 in the inner shell, but also firmly engages the innerperiphery of the side wall 4 24 of the said outer shell with the outerperiphcry of the side wall I8 of the inner shell I5, in the mannerillustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10.

Thus, the two complemental shell-members I5 and I6 are so firmly unitedagainst both relative rotary movement and axial movement as to virtuallyconstitute a unitary structure.

, The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than thoseherein set forth without departing from the spirit and essentialcharacteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are,therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and notrestrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalencyrange of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

1. A composite drain fitting, comprising inner and outer cup-shapedshells of which said outer shell is of malleable metal and both shellshave substantially cylindrical interfitted walls, respectively, saidcylindrical wall of the inner shell having an outer longitudinal grooveand a portion of said cylindrical wall of the outer shell extendinginwardly to form a tongue which is in registry with, but initially atleast in part spaced from, said groove, and said cylindrical wall of theouter shell being held uniformly contracted in tight clamping engagementwith said cylindrical wall of the inner shell by further permanentinward deformation of said tongue into the groove of the interfittedinner shell. 2. A composite drain fitting, comprising inner and outercup-shaped shells of malleable metal having substantially cylindricalinterfitted walls, respectively, adjacent portions of said interfittedshell walls extending inwardly to form a regis tering groove and tonguein said inner and outer shells, respectively, of which said tongue isinitially at least in part spaced from said groove, and said cylindricalwall of the outer shell being held uniformly contracted in tightclamping engagement with said cylindrical wall of the inner shell byfurther permanent inward deformation of said tongue into the groove ofthe inter fitted inner shell.

3. A composite drain fitting, comprising inner and outer cup-shapedshells of which the inner shell is of stainless steel and the outershell is of malleable metal more readily cuttable with a threading toolthan stainless steel, said shells having substantially cylindricalinterfitted walls. respectively, and adjacent portions of saidinterfitted shell walls extending inwardly to form a registering grooveand tongue in said inner and outer shells, respectively, of which saidtongue is initially at least in part spaced from said groove, saidcylindrical wall of said outer shell being externally threaded and helduniformly contracted in tight clamping engagement with said cylindricalwall of the inner shell by further permanent inward deformation of saidtongue into the groove of the interfitted shell.

KENNETH R. MARCUSSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,704,529 Brotz Mar. 5, 19291,973,170 Jacobi Sept. 11, 1934 2,279,683 Judell et al Apr. 14, 19422,314,002 Lusher et al. Mar. 16, 1943 2,349,202 Slezak May 16, 1944

